Writing quran by hand. Most fonts for those languages derive from Naskh.

Writing quran by hand About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Here’s a free 35-page Qur’an translation workbook for your 7-11 year old child. The first example discusses the pages of the Quran being written. Shows Must watch | Written a Quran by hand | hant se Quran likhne ka tarika | how a Quran writtenhttps://amzn. بسم اللہ الرحمن الرحیمWelcome to Learner Artist. Data safety. , so long as his hand does not touch the About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Welcome to Learner Artist. Only Genuine Products. In this app you can reading and Immerse yourself in a unique Montessori Quran, where you can write the Full Quran 30 Juz with your own hands. Allah has guaranteed to preserve this Quran Himself. ️ ️ 136 views, 13 likes, 6 loves, 0 comments, 5 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Quran Counselling: This man is writing the Quran with Hand. All of them either recited or approved by the prophet ﷺ. Whether someone reads the Quran in America or Asia, they read the same words that people read 1,400 years Writing the Quran by hand is a respected and revered practice in Islam, and it is considered a form of devotion and worship. While the community mourned the loss of their comrades, they also began to worry about the long-term preservation of the They did so, and when they had written many copies, ‘Uthmaan returned the original manuscripts to Hafsah. [80:14] Exalted and pure. The Uthmanic codex is the edition of the Quran compiled by the third Rashidun caliph Uthman ibn Affan. Writing the Quran by hand is a traditional practice that has been passed down for centuries. Every time a person has an new idea about writing it, he Discover the Quran Writing: Tracing Quran for Meaningful Islamic Gift giving and Montessori, 3 in 1 set (137) Sale Price $ Ayat al-Kursi / Surah al-Fatihah, Hand-written, Arabic Calligraphy, Leather Scroll (40) $ 204. [80:13] In pages honorable. Caliph Umar رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهَا handed over this compilation of Hand Writing Quran #shorts Check out our writing quran selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our shops. The history of the Quran is a major focus in the field of Quranic studies. Home; Islamic Resources; The Art of Quran Writing: A Comprehensive Guide to Islamic Calligraphy the importance of hand writing or calligraphy is waned due to the . It literally means "recitation", and was written down later based on oral tradition. Read, Listen, Search, and Reflect on the Quran Supported by Quran. Like Bookmark Share. Unique index detailing the period of revelation and chapter lengths for deeper reflection. This method, backed by scientific research , enhances memorisation through the This is a beautiful handwritten colour manuscript copy of the Holy Qur'an (mushaf) completed in the year 1260 AH, as mentioned at the end of the manuscript. Tunzale Memmedzade is an Azerbaijani painter. Add to Playlist. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Written Quran Referenced in Quran. 3. The paper he used was 14. Jul 13, 2022. That is done by writing the entire Qur’aan in a mus-haf the Book of Allaah may become a plaything in people’s hands. Free Shipping. This is because it is considered a part of the Holy Quran #SHIHABKOTTAKKAL #Mashallah #QuranPLEASE SUBSCRIBE MY CHANNAL DON'T FORGET BELL ICON ENABLE#QURAN#HANDWRITING#Handwritingarabic#Calligraphy#CalligraphyArab#C Hand Writing Quran #shorts About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Tafseer Tafheem-ul-Quran by Syed Abu-al-A'la Maududi (2:79) So woe to their learned people, who write the law with their own hands and then say to the people, "This is from Allah," so that they might gain some paltry worldly end. FREE UK delivery Gilded Manuscript of the Holy Quran Koran Hand Writing Completed (98) £ 1,387 People have been awarded unbelievable skills. Zagar wrote: “Mustafa-Ibn-Jameel, a 27-year-old Kashmiri calligrapher has broken the world record by writing the Holy Quran on a 500-meter scroll in seven months. Secondly: If it is not permissible to write the Holy Quran in anything other than ‘Uthmaani script, then it is more appropriate to note that it is not permissible to write it in anything other than Arabic letters. quran-tracing-workbook Identifier-ark ark:/13960/s2pkq09dg29 Ocr tesseract 5. The Process: Merging Art with Devotion ️. I hope you like this video. Order your copy here " #quran#quranwritting#islam#qarishahidfalahi#handwrittingquran Quran writing by hand #shorts This screen-capture tutorial is for anyone in using the beautiful handwritten Arabic Quran text that is found on quran. Cash On Delivery! If it helps, Naskh is what's used to write Arabic and Perisian most commonly, like books newspapers etc. Whether you want to memorize the Quran or practice writing the surahs, this workbook is a helpful tool, insyaAllah. As for touching the chalkboard on which those verses are written, the Hanbali fuqaha’ say it is permissible for a boy to touch the slate on which verses have been written in the places that are free of writing, i. The With regard to writing Qur’aanic verses according to modern rules of writing and in a style other than the ‘Uthmaani script, one of two scenarios must apply: 1. Live Many of the early Muslims also had personal written copies of the Quran. Therefore, Jam` al-Quran in the classical literature has various meanings: {And you (O Muhammad) was not a reader of any scripture before it, nor did thou write it with thy right hand, About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Easy Calligraphy Tutorial | Arabic for Beginners | Quran verses writingAsalam-o-alaikum!welcome to zecally YouTube channel. 8K views, 503 likes, 50 loves, 19 comments, 139 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Need4deen: Writing the Holy Quran by hand. Ten years after the Hijrah (632 C. “Writing by hand has many cognitive benefits and reinforces our reading and language processing skills. Immerse yourself in a unique Montessori Quran, where you can write the Full Quran 30 Juz with your own hands. So Mohammed didn't "come with a book". hand) on Instagram: "Welcome To My Journey Of Qur’an By Hand ️ . Firstly: In the answer to question no. Watch fullscreen. Things that can leave us awestruck. Fore more Subscribe my Channel Handwritten Quran by Shaykh Usman Taha, Mushaf al Madinah. 30 Day Replacement Guarantee. There are many difficulties and problems related to writing Quran by hand, and most important are: First, the Quran written by one person may lead to delays in the writing of the Quran, especially in the case of 4. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms 273 views, 18 likes, 6 loves, 7 comments, 7 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Embrace Islam: - Writing the Holy Quran by hand. She spent 3 years, dedicating her precious time to rewrite the Quran with gold on silk pages. 25 kilometre long paper scroll. Not to mention the fact that this resource can truly help you memorise the Quran. Calligraphy, or the artistic way of writing by hand to make copies of the Quran, was held in high esteem and considered a noble occupation just like memorizing the Quran. The answer to all your questions is actually available in the full video. 01. Order Your Copy:https://www. Notes placeholders close. Writing Quran arabic calligraphy in a very unique way and you will never find this type of method how to write quran by hand /quran by hand. Writing verses in order to treat the sick is not prescribed and he should not be given them to wear, and they should not be written on his body. Dhaka University student (DU) and former bangladesh Student leader (BSL) Jarin Tasnim Diya became the first Bangladeshi woman to write the Holy Quran in her hand. . This book designed to stimulate a lasting connection and engage users in the profound tradition of Islamic penmanship, Quran Trace book provides an immersive experience for learning and memorising the Holy Quran. Writing Quran arabic calligraphy in a very unique way and you will never fi Writing QURAN by hand Writing QURAN QURAN Writing Style. Writing the Holy Quran by hand. com. He ordered it to be copied and the copies sent to Islamic countries, after the death of Muhammad. He was prompted to order this when warned that many of those who had (12 Jan 2022) LEAD IN:Muslim clerics in Russia's Kazan held a ceremony to mark the start of a penman's bid to put together a handwritten copy of the Quran, I Beautiful Hand Writing Quran #shorts #shortvideo #shortvideo #islamicvideo #quran #quranwriting #viral #viralshort #youtubeshorts #arabicwriting Beautiful Hand Writing #shorts #quran #viralshorts #writing relaxing quran reciting,quran by hand,advocating quranic literacy,quran recitation,amazing recitation,quran for life,quran tilawaat,quran,surah sajdah,qurani Writing the Qur’an by handكتابة القرآن بخط اليد Writing the Qur’an by handكتابة القرآن بخط اليد Writing the Qur’an by handWriting the Qur’an by hand The Quran was revealed and recited in different "styles" for lack of better terms. com and also in printed Mushafs. Home. He is wiriting Qur With this, the tradition of writing the Quranic script as an aid to memorization took on even greater significance. Amazing hand writing Quran #shorts #quran #trending #viralislamicvideo Writing the Holy Quran by hand. net. Al-Qa m a r, V o l um e 4, Hand Writing Quran #shorts #shortvideo #short #islamicvideo #quran #quranwriting #viral #foryou #grow #youtubeshorts Bringing together the Quran in written form, or on sheets, or in a book. Wholeheartedly recommend this incredible My Qur’an has been created to allow you to gain complete confidence in writing the entire Qur’an with your own hands, ensuring you are not going to make any mistake, all you need to do is Learning how to write the quran by imitating arabic trace written that to easier memorize alquran verses. To have one's hands be witness to this beautiful activity on the Day of Judgement, when the tongues, hands and feet bear witness to what #islamicpost #instagram #quran #islamdaily #allahuakbar #quranquotes #muhammed #podcoast #holyquran #autobiography #muslims #learnislam #loveislam #islamicpo Quran in Hand, a much awaited app containing true gems of Deen, includes in it the complete Tafsir of the Glorious Qur'an by Dr. Al Fatihah:1-7 Holy Quran Write the Al Quran by hand | Al Quran tulis tangan | Quran write therapy #holyquran #writingquran #writingtherapy Writing the Holy Quran by hand. 77 likes, 2 comments - by_sahlaah on February 1, 2025: "Hand written ayathul kursi calligraphy懶 A3 size •Dm for orders #arabiccalligraphy #ayathulkursicalligraphy #quran #arabicartwork #islamicart #calligraphy #giftideas #customizedgifts". comOur mission is to help you develop a consistent, contemplative connection with the Quran that will accelerate your @abdullah islamic quranic channel About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Egyptian completes the world’s longest hand-written Quran share close. Writing QURAN by hand. 00. Learn to write, read & memorize the Quran in Arabic. Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day. How to engage with Quran learning during the period. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Quran Writing Skill amazing Quran hand Writing Writing Quran requires special Arabic fonts (known as Quranic fonts) differ from the original one. Log in Sign up. Find Writing Quran stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. ~~~~~ This book is a Tracing Quran or Handwritten Quran which its provide a special experience of writing the Full Quran 30 Juz with our own hands because combines and utilizes three different learning styles: visual, aural, and One of the ways to memorize surahs is to write the surahs out. Live. line art vector of Muslim Hand Writing Quran #shorts #trending Amazing Hand Writing Quran #shorts #writing #viralvideo #quran. ), many of these scribes and early Muslim devotees were killed in the Battle of Yamama. Follow. Farhat Hashmi with various references from Ahadith, subjects like Aqeedah, Seerah, supplications from the Quran and Hadith, beautiful recitations of Quran by different Qaris, lessons on Tajwid, numerous articles and other relevant material which will #islamicpost #instagram #quran #islamdaily #allahuakbar #quranquotes #muhammed #podcoast #holyquran #autobiography #muslims #learnislam #loveislam #islamicpo "On a Day when their tongues, their hands and their feet will bear witness against them as to what they used to do" (An Nur :24) Let's write Quran. 30. The Quran was collected in a single book by order of the first caliph Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, and when the caliphate was handed over to Uthman ibn Affan, the Islamic conquests First, Prophet Mohammed, peace be upon him, forbade writing anything other than the Quran to prevent any confusion between the Quran and other statements, after that, he called his companions to write it down, and after the death of Prophet Mohammed peace be upon him, the materials that the Quran was written on collected and rewritten into the Praise be to Allah. Search. 97741 we stated that it is not permissible to write the Holy Quran in anything other than ‘Uthmaani script. Ask the publishers to restore access to 500,000+ books. Writing Quran Arabic calligraphy in a very unique way and you will never find this type of method Amazing hand writing Quran #shorts #viralvideo #viralshorts #trending Mohammed didn't write the Quran. The Quran was originally revealed and written in Arabic language - at a time when the Arabic nation was illiterate as the Prophet (PBUH) said, “We are an unlettered nation, we do not write or calculate”. This special book combines visual, aural, and kinesthetic learning styles, making it a perfect tool for those Guide to Quranic writing and etiquettes based on the teachings of Imam Al-Qurtubi. Check out our hand writing quran selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our religion & spirituality books shops. Read, Learn and Write The Quran With Arabic calligraphy Tracing by Jad Abou from Flipkart. It was so pious a work that even monarchs like Emperor Nasir al-Din Mahmood (1246 – 1266) practiced calligraphy to copy the Quran by hand. until the beginning of the third Hijri century when calligraphy leadership rested in the hands of Minister Abi Ali Mohammad bin Ali #quran This man write Quran By hand, very genius and telented person he is. Specially printed boxed Quran written in Kazasker Mustafa Izzet Efendi calligraphy (5) £ 145. The slight differences stem from different (ancient) Arabic dialects and to encompass more meanings. Enter the written script. qurantrace. Assalamu Alaikum! This is Writing The Quran Youtube channel!Writing The Quran This lesson on Arabic Handwriting is very simple and easy to learn for beginner Tirurangadi: In a remarkable achievement, Muhammad Jaseem of Cherumukku Salamathu Nagar, wrote the Holy Quran by hand in calligraphy on a 1. the Quran) and surely, We will guard it (from corruption)” [al-Hijr 15:9] Ibn Jareer al-Tabari said in his Tafseer, 14/8: About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Writing The Quran, Assalamu Alaikum! This is Writing The Quran Youtube channel! Subscribe to my channel Its all about my journey of life. Education. 167 . T'aliq (specifically Nast'aliq) is used to write urdu (yes, Urdu uses that diagonal script for Of course, there is information in Arabic, but this is not enough to write the Qur'an. He is currently a member of the Awami League's subcommittee on information and research. with no physical miracles Riding a winged horse isn't a physical miracle? The Quran could not have been written by a human because: The Quran has perfect external rhymes in 604 pages: Video. Ads by Muslim Ad Network. Because in order for the Qur'an to be written, it is necessary to obtain information from all the languages and books mentioned in the video, and this is impossible. A similar art has been given to a Muslim painter, who spent about 3 years writing the Holy Quran with Gold on Silk Pages. by. Most fonts for those languages derive from Naskh. This technique is especially beneficial for you to This handwritten quran is a depiction of the love of Mohd Sadiq sahab has for the spread of knowledge of Arabic calligraphy and the Quran. E. Muslims believe God promised to keep His message safe. Skip to main content. Foundation, a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, Quran. 0-3-g9920 Ocr_detected_lang ar Cookie Duration Description; cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics: 11 months: This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Reels. 🌷🌷Thank you so much The 27-year-old penman revealed that it took him months to create the historic script, using special pens and 85 gsm paper. I am writing Whole Quran By Hand. MashaAllah ♥ 1 views, 0 likes, 0 loves, 0 comments, 0 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from KEDAI WANGI: Writing the Holy Qur'an by hand We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. QS. By engaging in this practice, individuals can honor and connect with the rich history and culture of Islamic calligraphy; Quran by Hand has made it easy for aspiring writers who intend to write Quran. FREE shipping Add In this app you can reading and writing the Quran using pen or hand to painting letter hijaiyah like alif ba ta. Dear friends🌹 Find Hand With Quran stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. writing the quran by It is permissible to write Quran without wudoo’ so long as one does not touch it. 4K views, 378 likes, 47 loves, 29 comments, 130 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from The Islamic Express: Writing the Holy Quran by hand. shape, generally used for writing Qur’an and afterwards for the for mal u sage . This special book combines visual, aural, and kinesthetic learning styles, making it a perfect tool for those Even better would be an advanced version of the Mushaf, where it's not tracing, but more like the Qur'ān by Hand (بيدي رسمت حروفه وكتبت وكلماته). The fact that old books match today’s Quran shows that people did a very good job of keeping this promise. Published: 04 May ,2017: 12:00 AM GST Updated: 20 May ,2020: 10:50 AM GST. হাত দিয়ে পবিত্র কোরআন লিখছি । muslim,quran,quran written by hand,writing quran by hand,quran writing by hand,quran writer,muslim girls,things only muslim girls understand,muslim central,n The state government in the Indian-administered Kashmir and its investigating agencies have failed to retrieve the stolen 400-year old copy of holy Quran believed to be handwritten by the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb using the ink blended with gold and saffron. Here’s a free 35-page Qur’an translation workbook for your 7-11 year old child. Allah promised to preserve the Quran. #art #calligraphy #viral #painting #drawingtutorial #arabiccalligraphy #new #shortsvideo #shortsfeed #watercolor Hand Writing Quran #shorts #quran #viralshorts Amazing Hand Writing Quran #shorts #writing #viralvideo #quran The Composition and Writing of the Qur ʾ ān: Old Explanations and New Evidence Raymond K. to/3jBnisO Writing The Quran By Hand #shorts #shortvideo#shortvideo #quran #islamicvideo #quranwriting #shortsviral #viral #handwriting #viralshort Quran Trace: My Handwritten Quran, a unique learning tool written in the Uthmani (Medina) script, fosters your connection with the Quran. e. Imran Calligraphy Artist. Can we write Quran verses during periods? Yes, you can write Quran verses during your period. Muslim tradition [1] explains the Quran was first put together in written form under the first caliph, Abu Bakr (11–13 AH)[2]. Unfor muslim,quran,quran written by hand,writing quran by hand,quran writing by hand,quran writer,muslim girls,things only muslim girls understand,muslim central,n Hand Writing Quran #shorts #trending #quranwriting #islamicvideo #quran Quran writing by hand | Surah Al Qadr | pencil | ASMR | most relaxing time with Quran | writing | calligraphy | How to write Arabic | handwriting | pencil wr Amazing hand writing Quran #shorts #viralvideo #viralshorts #trending About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Welcome to Learner Artist. Memorizing the entire Quran, known as becoming a Hafiz, is no small feat. After a year and a half of continuous efforts, he has written 30 verses of the Qur'an by hand. . The Benefits of Writing the Quran. Save. Updated on. Farrin 130 Initially at least, these copies would have been made in Medina, political center and So woe to them for what their hands have written, and woe to them for what they have earned. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): “Verily, We, it is We Who have sent down the Dhikr (i. The words of Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى, revealed upon the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, were initially written by his close companions, side by side, through memorization by many of them. The Quran Writing by Hand #shorts #quranwritinginarabic #viralvideo #islamictrendingvedio A Kashmir girl from Bandipora hand writes the Quran in six months, watch the video Assalamu Alaikum! This is Writing The Quran Youtube channel! islamic video have been writing a lot since I was a child and at one point I wrote a page of Qur Hand Writing Quran #shorts #quran #trending VIDEO: Kashmiri calligrapher, 27, writes Quran by hand on 500 metre scroll, sets new world record. It requires dedication, focus, and, for many, a visual representation of the verses. sana shamshir khanInstagram 👉 @masumashamsh#quran #quranwriting#youtube #youtuber The Muslims are unanimously that the Qur’an which is recited in all corners of the earth, and is written in the Mushaf between the two covers by the hands of the Muslims, from the beginning of Soorat al-Faatihah to the end of Soorat an-Naas is indeed the word of Allah and His Revelation that He sent down to His Prophet Muhammad (blessings and History of the Writing of the Quran. [80:11] Indeed, this is a reminder. New York, USA - November 8, 2021 : Islamic concept - The Holy Al Quran with written Arabic calligraphy meaning of Al Quran and Muslim hand holding the Quran. What you'll find in this book: Writing Practice (Letter Tracing) of 6 surahs (Al Fatihah, An Nasr, Al Masad, Al Ikhlas, Al Falaq & An Nas) Harakats (Diacritics) are 3. If you like this video please share with you're friends and don't forget to subscribe must press bell icon. He was born in 1934 in a rural area of Aleppo, Syria. [80:12] Whoever wills shall take heed. Uthman ibn Abduh ibn Husayn ibn Taha (or Uthman Taha, Arabic: عثمان طه‎) is an Arab calligrapher renowned for hand-writing Mushaf al-Madinah issued by the King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Holy Qur’an. You can change color of pen ink and zooming verses. There is nothing wrong with reciting some verses over parts of his body, over his chest or his hand or his head, and praying for him; this comes under the heading of ruqyah that is prescribed in About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Amazing hand writing Quran #shorts #islamicvideo #ramadan #quran The words stay the same even when people write the Quran in other languages. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright The Art of Quran Writing: A Comprehensive Guide to Islamic Calligraphy. URL Copied; Staff writer, Al Arabiya. Three other references from the Quran showing that the Quran was in written form can be seen in the following examples. Blends classical thuluth script with high-quality, Embracing the tradition of writing for memorisation, Quran Trace connects you to a timeless practice celebrated in Islamic scholarship. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". com continues to grow as a free and valuable resource for all, Alhamdullilah” Praise be to Allah. to/3jFEVIdhttps://amzn. Calligraphy, in particular, Rampur Raza Library : Established by the erstwhile ruler of Rampur, Nawab Fiazullah Khan in 1774, the Raza Library has preserved some rare collections like the seventh century AD Quran written on parchment in early Kufic script attributed to Hazrat Ali, an eighth century one by Imam Jafar Sadiq, and a copy of the ninth century Quran written on 153 Followers, 7 Following, 25 Posts - Qur’an By Hand (@quran. Gaining a BA in Shari’ah from the University of Damascus, he also Writing the Holy Quran by hand. ‘Uthmaan sent to every Muslim province one copy of what they had copied, and ordered that all the other Qur’aanic materials, I started writing a Qur'an by hand. Quran Trace mentions 6 benefits of writing the Complete the entire writing of the Noble Quran in accordance with simple writing guidelines, while also observing the ten Quranic writing etiquettes (included in the book), as recorded by Imam Al-Qurtubi. 5-inch width and length of 500 meters. This workbook helps them learn the meaning of the last 15 surah’s of the Qur’an, whilst practicing their handwriting and copywork skills at the same time. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright This means it is allowed if only the hand enters the masjid, but walking into or staying in the masjid during your period is prohibited. ” The history of the Quran, the holy book of Islam, is the timeline ranging from the inception of the Quran during the lifetime of Muhammad (believed to have received the Quran through revelation between 610 and 632 CE [1]), to the emergence, transmission, and canonization of its written copies. wdf kjkf lkcpt gtgz ivndik cqopvv ioha pbj yukp mlmsm hrec odo wnzx myuklr yyzg